Boot loader/ru

Бут сектор загрузки для FDD. Рассмотрим код и опишем логику работы.

;== boot program for Kolibri OS version 1.00 ==
;  January 2002 
;
;   Copyright (C) Alex Nogueira Teixeira 
;   E-Mail : alexwal{dog_}siteplanet.com.br 
;
;   Distributed under GPL, see file COPYING for details 
;   
;   equates for program 
;
;   added support of config save 
  
   lf  equ 0ah 
   cr  equ 0dh 
       
        pos_read_tmp       equ 0700h ;position for temporary read 
        boot_program       equ 07c00h ;position for boot code 
        seg_read_kernel    equ 01000h ;seguiment to kernel read 
       
        jmp start_program 
        nop 
            
    oemname            db 'KOLIBRI ' 
    bytespersector     dw 512 
    sectorspercluster  db 1 
    ressectors         dw 1 
    numcopiesfat       db 2 
    maxallocrootdir    dw 224 
    maxsectors         dw 2880 ;for 1.44 mbytes disk 
    mediadescriptor    db 0f0h ;fd = 2 sides 18 sectors 
    sectorsperfat      dw 9 
    sectorspertrack    dw 18 
    heads              dw 2 
    hiddensectors      dd 0 
    hugesectors        dd 0 ;if sectors > 65536 
    drivenumber        db 0 
                       db 0 
    bootsignature      db 029h ;extended boot signature 
    volumeid           dd 0 
    volumelabel        db 'KOLIBRI    ' 
    filesystemtype     db 'FAT12   ' 
     
     
    start_program: 
     
        xor ax,ax 
        mov ss,ax 
        mov sp,boot_program 
        push ss 
        pop ds 
 
        mov  si,loading+boot_program 
  loop_loading: 
        lodsb 
        or al,al 
        jz procura_arquivo_novamente 
        mov ah,0eh 
        mov bx,07h 
        int 010h 
        jmp loop_loading 


  procura_arquivo_novamente: 
 
         push ss 
         pop es 
 
         mov  bp,16 

  newtry: 
   
         dec bp 
         jz  mensagem_erro_arquivo 
  
         mov ax,020eh ;read, 14 sectors for directory 
         mov bx,pos_read_tmp ;es:bx read position 
         mov cx,02h ;track 0, sector 2 
         mov dx,0100h ;head 1, drive 0 (a:) 
         call read_sector 
        ;  int 013h ;read sectors 
        ;  jc  newtry ; mensagem_erro_arquivo 
   
         mov si,bx 
 
  loop_compara_entrada_diretorio: 
 
          push si 
          mov cx,11 ;file name 
          mov di,arq_boot+boot_program 
          rep cmpsb 
          pop si 
          je le_arquivo_kernel 
          add si,32 
          cmp si,pos_read_tmp+(512*14) ;end of directory 
          jb loop_compara_entrada_diretorio 
 
  mensagem_erro_arquivo: 
 
          mov si,mens_erro+boot_program 
 
  loop_envio_mensagem: 
 
          lodsb 
          or al,al 
          jz espera_digitar_tecla 
          mov ah,0eh 
          mov bx,07h 
          int 010h 
          jmp loop_envio_mensagem 
 
  espera_digitar_tecla: 
 
          jmp $ ;зацикливание остановка пк.
 
 
  ;load kernel 
 
  le_arquivo_kernel: 
 
          mov bp,[si+01ah] 
          mov ax,0209h ;read, 9 sectors 
          mov bx,pos_read_tmp ;es:bx read position 
          mov cx,02h ;track 0, sector 2 
          xor dx,dx ;head 0, drive 0 (a:) 
          call read_sector 
        ;  int 013h  ;read sectorsv
          jc mensagem_erro_arquivo 
          mov ax,seg_read_kernel 
          mov es,ax 
          xor bx,bx 
 
  ; \begin{diamond}[02.12.2005] 
          mov     [cluster1st+boot_program], bp 
  ; \end{diamond}[02.12.2005] 
 
  ; read kernel to es:bx  
 
  loop_obtem_dados_kernel: 
          call le_setor_dados 
  jc mensagem_erro_arquivo 
  ;        add bx,0200h ;add one sector 
 
          push bx 
          mov bx,es 
          add bx,0x20 
          mov es,bx 
          pop bx 
 
          mov di,bp 
          shr di,01h 
          pushf 
          add di,bp 
          add di,pos_read_tmp 
          mov ax,[di] 
          popf 
          jc desloca_4_direita 
          and ax,0fffh 
          jmp verifica_fim_setores 
  desloca_4_direita: 
          mov cl,4 
          shr ax,cl 
  verifica_fim_setores: 
          cmp ax,0ff8h 
          jae executa_kernel 
          mov bp,ax 
          jmp loop_obtem_dados_kernel 
 
  executa_kernel: 
  ; \begin{diamond}[02.12.2005] 
          mov     ax, 'KL' 
          push    0 
          pop     ds 
          mov     si, loader_block+boot_program 
  ; \end{diamond}[02.12.2005] 
          push word seg_read_kernel 
          push word 00h 
          retf 
 
 
  le_setor_dados: ;es:bx -> position in read buffer 
 
  ;bp -> logical sector to read 
  ;carry <- 0 read OK 
  ;carry <- 1 read error 
          push bx 
          mov ax,0e2eh ;decimal point 
          xor bh,bh 
          int 010h 
          pop bx 
          mov ax,bp ;data sector to read 
  writesec: 
          add ax,31 ;get logical sector 
          mov cx,36 ;sector/track 
          xor dx,dx 
          div cx 
          mov ch,al ;track transfer 
          xor dh,dh ;head 0 
          cmp dl,18 
          jb cabeca_correta 
          sub dl,18 
          inc dh ;head 1 
  cabeca_correta: 
          inc dl 
          mov cl,dl 
          xor dl,dl ;drive 0 (a:) 
  patchhere: 
          mov ax,0201h ;read 1 sector 
          call read_sector 
       ;  int 013h 
          retn 
 
  read_sector: 
 
          push bp 
          mov  bp,20 
  newread: 
          dec  bp 
          jz   mensagem_erro_arquivo 
          push ax bx cx dx 
          int  0x13 
          pop  dx cx bx ax 
          jc   newread 
          pop  bp 
          retn 
 
  loading   db 13,10,'Starting system ',00h 
  mens_erro: 
          db 13,10 
  arq_boot: 
          db 'KERNEL  MNT ?',cr,lf,00h 
  errors    db 16 
 
  ; \begin{diamond}[02.12.2005] 
  write1st: 
          push    cs 
          pop     ds 
          mov     byte [patchhere+2+boot_program], 3 
          mov     ax, [cluster1st+boot_program] 
          push    1000h 
          pop     es 
          xor     bx, bx 
          call    writesec 
          mov     byte [patchhere+2+boot_program], 2 
          retf 
 
  cluster1st dw ? 
 
  loader_block: 
        db      1 
        dw      0 
        dw      write1st+boot_program 
        dw      0 
  ; \end{diamond}[02.12.2005] 
 
 
  times 0x1fe-$ db 00h 
 
  db 55h,0aah ;boot signature